• If price increases by r%, reduction in consumption to keep expenditure same = [r/(100+r) × 100]%
• If price decreases by r%, increase in consumption to keep expenditure same = [r/(100-r) × 100]%
• Population Formula: P(1 + r/100)ⁿ
• Successive increase: (x + y + xy/100)%
• Successive decrease: (-x - y - xy/100)%

• Cost Price (C.P.): Price at which an article is purchased
• Selling Price (S.P.): Price at which an article is sold
• Profit = S.P. - C.P. (when S.P. > C.P.)
• Loss = C.P. - S.P. (when C.P. > S.P.)

• Profit = (C.P. × Profit%) / 100
• Loss = (C.P. × Loss%) / 100
• S.P. = C.P. × (100 + Profit%) / 100
• S.P. = C.P. × (100 - Loss%) / 100
• C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 + Profit%)
• C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 - Loss%)

Q1. 11% of which number is 33?

• (a) 300
• (b) 330
• (c) 110
• (d) None of these

Q2. If two numbers are respectively 20% and 50% of a third number, what is the percentage of the first number to the second?

• (a) 10
• (b) 20
• (c) 30
• (d) 40

Q3. The digit at unit place of a two-digit number is increased by 100% and the digit at ten place is increased by 50%. The new number is 19 more than the original. What is the original number?

• (a) 22
• (b) 63
• (c) 24
• (d) 18

Q4. If 40% of customers decide to purchase items, and of those 15% purchase hats, then what per cent of the store's customers purchase hats?

• (a) 4%
• (b) 6%
• (c) 15%
• (d) 24%

Q5. 10% of inhabitants died of cholera, then 25% of remaining left. The population is then reduced to 4050. Find the original inhabitants.

• (a) 5000
• (b) 6000
• (c) 7000
• (d) 8000

Q6. When price of a pressure cooker was increased by 15%, sale decreased by 15%. What was the net effect on sales?

• (a) 15% decrease
• (b) no effect
• (c) 2.25% increase
• (d) 2.25% decrease

Q7. In a housing society, 30% are men over 18 and 40% are women over 18. If there are 24 children, how many total residents?

• (a) 32
• (b) 80
• (c) 94
• (d) 112

Q8. A scooter costs ₹25,000 when brand new. At the end of each year, its value is only 80% of previous year. What is its value after 3 years?

• (a) 10,000
• (b) 12,500
• (c) 12,800
• (d) 12,000

Q9. A student X passes with 515 marks, having scored 3% above minimum. If Y had obtained 710 marks, what % would have been above minimum?

• (a) 40%
• (b) 42%
• (c) 50%
• (d) Cannot be determined

Q10. Ravi's salary is 150% of Amit's salary. Amit's salary is 80% of Ram's salary. What is the ratio of Ram's salary to Ravi's salary?

• (a) 1 to 2
• (b) 2 to 3
• (c) 5 to 6
• (d) 6 to 5

Q11. The sum of two numbers is 28/25 of the first number. The second number is what percent of the first?

• (a) 12%
• (b) 14%
• (c) 16%
• (d) 18%

Q12. An inspector rejects 0.08% of metres as defective. How many metres will he examine to reject 2 metres?

• (a) 200m
• (b) 250m
• (c) 2500m
• (d) 3000m

Q13. A positive number is by mistake divided by 6 instead of being multiplied by 6. What is the % error on the basis of correct answer?

• (a) 3
• (b) 97
• (c) 17
• (d) 83

Q14. If the radius of a circle is diminished by 10%, the area is diminished by

• (a) 36%
• (b) 20%
• (c) 19%
• (d) 10%

Q15. A screw driver and a hammer currently have the same price. If screw driver rises by 5% and hammer goes up by 3%, then how much more will it cost to buy 3 screw drivers and 3 hammers?

• (a) 3%
• (b) 4%
• (c) 5%
• (d) 8%

Q16. What is the total number of candidates at an examination, if 31% fail, and the number of those who pass exceeds the number of those who fail by 247?

• (a) 605
• (b) 560
• (c) 650
• (d) 1,650

Q17. 40% read newspaper X, 50% read Y and 10% read both. What percentage read neither?

• (a) 10%
• (b) 15%
• (c) 20%
• (d) 25%

Q18. If manufacturer gains 10%, wholesale dealer 15% and retailer 25%, find the cost of production of a table whose retail price is ₹1265?

• (a) 800
• (b) 1000
• (c) 900
• (d) 600

Q19. A man buys 50 pencils for ₹100 and sells 45 pencils for ₹90. Find his gain or loss?

• (a) 20%
• (b) 35%
• (c) 25%
• (d) No gain or loss

Q20. Kaberi buys a radio three-fourths of its value and sells it for 20% more than its value. What will be its profit percentage?

• (a) 50%
• (b) 40%
• (c) 60%
• (d) 70%

Q21. A person sells 36 oranges per rupee and suffers a loss of 4%. Find how many oranges per rupee to be sold to have a gain of 8%?

• (a) 30
• (b) 31
• (c) 32
• (d) 33

Q22. A shopkeeper's price is 50% above the cost price. If he allows a discount of 30%, what profit does he make?

• (a) 5%
• (b) 10%
• (c) 15%
• (d) 20%

Q23. A man buys milk at ₹6 per litre and adds one third of water to it and sells mixture at ₹7.20 per litre. The gain is

• (a) 40%
• (b) 80%
• (c) 60%
• (d) 25%

Q24. A dishonest fruit seller professes to sell at cost price but weighs 800 grams for a kg weight. Find his gain percent.

• (a) 100%
• (b) 150%
• (c) 50%
• (d) 200%

Q25. A shopkeeper purchased 150 calculators at ₹250 each. He spent ₹2500 on transport. He fixed labelled price at ₹320 and allowed 5% discount. Find profit percentage.

• (a) 14%
• (b) 15%
• (c) 16%
• (d) 18%

Q26. A man sold two steel chairs for ₹500 each. On one he gains 20% and on other loses 12%. How much does he gain or lose in the whole transaction?

• (a) 1.5% gain
• (b) 2% gain
• (c) 1.5% loss
• (d) 2% loss

Q27. A man sells an article at a gain of 15%. If he had bought at 10% less and sold for ₹4 less, he would have gained 25%. Find the cost price.

• (a) ₹150
• (b) ₹160
• (c) ₹170
• (d) ₹180

Q28. Five kg of butter was bought for ₹300. One kg becomes unsaleable. He sells remaining at a loss of 10%. At what price per kg was the butter sold?

• (a) ₹67.50
• (b) ₹52.50
• (c) ₹60
• (d) ₹72.50

Q29. By selling 66 metres of cloth a man loses the selling price of 22 metres. Find the loss per cent.

• (a) 20%
• (b) 25%
• (c) 30%
• (d) 35%

Q30. A single discount equal to a discount series of 10% and 20% is

• (a) 25%
• (b) 28%
• (c) 30%
• (d) 35%

Q31. The list price of a watch is ₹160. Retailer bought it for ₹122.40. He got two successive discounts, one at 10% and other not legible. What is the second discount rate?

• (a) 12%
• (b) 14%
• (c) 15%
• (d) 18%

Q32. For a certain article, if discount is 25%, profit is 25%. If discount is 10%, then profit is

• (a) 10%
• (b) 20%
• (c) 35%
• (d) 50%

Q33. A wholesaler sells 30 pens at the price of 27 pens to a retailer. The retailer sells the pens at market price. The profit for the retailer is

• (a) 11%
• (b) 10%
• (c) 11 1/9%
• (d) 9 1/11%

Q34. If a merchant estimates his profit as 20% of the selling price, what is his real profit per cent?

• (a) 18%
• (b) 20%
• (c) 25%
• (d) 28%