Economy: Reports and Indices — Non-Profit Organizations
9.1 Oxfam India
Context: Oxfam India is a non-profit organization established in 2008 as part of the global Oxfam confederation. It focuses on addressing issues like poverty, inequality, gender justice, and disaster relief in India.
Reports Released by Oxfam India
- India Inequality Report: Digital Divide — Analyzes the digital divide in India and its impact on inequality across different sections of society.
- India Discrimination Report — Examines patterns of discrimination in India across various dimensions including caste, religion, gender, and economic status.
- An Economy for the 99% — Highlights how economic inequality concentrates wealth in the hands of the top 1% while the remaining 99% struggle for basic resources and opportunities.
Key Facts about Oxfam India:
- Established: 2008
- Primary Role: Addressing poverty, inequality, gender justice, and disaster relief in India
- Key Reports: India Inequality Report: Digital Divide, India Discrimination Report, An Economy for the 99%
9.2 Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP), Australia
Context: The Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) is an independent, non-profit think tank established in 2007. It is headquartered in Sydney, Australia, with offices in several countries.
Reports Released by IEP
- Ecological Threat Report (ETR) — Assesses ecological threats and their impact on peace and security worldwide.
- Global Peace Index — Annual ranking of countries based on their levels of peacefulness, measuring societal safety, ongoing conflict, and militarization.
- Global Terrorism Index — Annual report analyzing the impact of terrorism across countries and regions worldwide.
Key Facts about IEP:
- Established: 2007
- Headquarters: Sydney, Australia
- Key Reports: Global Peace Index, Global Terrorism Index, Ecological Threat Report
9.3 Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), UK
Context: The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is the research and analysis division of The Economist Group, founded in 1946. Headquartered in London, UK, it provides economic forecasting, country reports, and industry analysis worldwide.
Reports Released by EIU
- Worldwide Cost of Living Index — Annual ranking of cities based on the cost of living, comparing prices of goods and services across major global cities.
- Democracy Index — Annual assessment of the state of democracy in countries worldwide, ranking them by their democratic performance.
- Global Liveability Index — Annual ranking of cities based on their quality of life, considering factors like stability, healthcare, culture, education, and infrastructure.
- Inclusive Internet Index — Measures the extent to which people across countries are able to access and use the internet inclusively.
Key Facts about EIU:
- Founded: 1946
- Headquarters: London, UK
- Primary Role: Economic forecasting, country reports, industry analysis
- Key Reports: Democracy Index, Worldwide Cost of Living Index, Global Liveability Index, Inclusive Internet Index
9.4 Other Important Reports and Indices
| Report/Index | Organization |
|---|---|
| Global Slavery Index (GSI) | Walk Free Foundation |
| Living Planet Report | World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) |
| Corruption Perceptions Index | Transparency International |
| World Press Freedom Index | Reporters Without Borders |
| Death Penalty in India: Annual Statistics Report | Project 39A of the National Law University |
| Global Hunger Index (UPSC 2016) | Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe |
| Global Estimates of Modern Slavery | ILO, Walk Free Foundation, and International Organization for Migration |
| Climate Change Performance Index | German Watch + New Climate Institute + Climate Action Network International |
| Global Climate Risk Index | German Watch |
| Rule of Law Index (UPSC 2018) | World Justice Project, US independent Multidisciplinary organisation |
| Commitment to Reducing Inequality Index | Oxfam and Development Finance International |
| Internet Freedom Index / Freedom on the Net Report | Freedom House |
| Henley Passport Index | Henley and Partners |
| Global Crypto Adoption Index | Chainalysis |
9.5 Summary: Non-Profit Reports at a Glance
| Organization | Established | Headquarters | Key Reports |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oxfam India | 2008 | India | India Inequality Report, India Discrimination Report, An Economy for the 99% |
| IEP | 2007 | Sydney, Australia | Global Peace Index, Global Terrorism Index, Ecological Threat Report |
| EIU | 1946 | London, UK | Democracy Index, Worldwide Cost of Living, Global Liveability, Inclusive Internet |
Key Takeaways for UPSC
- Oxfam India (2008): India Inequality Report: Digital Divide, India Discrimination Report, An Economy for the 99%
- IEP (2007): Sydney, Australia — Global Peace Index, Global Terrorism Index, Ecological Threat Report
- EIU (1946): London, UK — Democracy Index, Worldwide Cost of Living Index, Global Liveability Index, Inclusive Internet Index
- Other Important Indices:
- Global Hunger Index (UPSC 2016) — Concern Worldwide + Welthungerhilfe
- Rule of Law Index (UPSC 2018) — World Justice Project
- Corruption Perceptions Index — Transparency International
- World Press Freedom Index — Reporters Without Borders
- Living Planet Report — WWF
- Global Slavery Index — Walk Free Foundation
- Global Estimates of Modern Slavery — ILO + Walk Free + IOM
- Climate Change Performance Index — German Watch + New Climate Institute + CAN International
- Global Climate Risk Index — German Watch
- Henley Passport Index — Henley and Partners
- Global Crypto Adoption Index — Chainalysis
High-Yield Interactive UPSC Quiz (Chapter 9: Non-Profit Organizations)
Q1. Oxfam India was established in which year?
Correct Answer: C. Oxfam India was established in 2008 as part of the global Oxfam confederation.
Q2. The Global Peace Index is published by:
Correct Answer: B. The Global Peace Index is published by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP), headquartered in Sydney, Australia.
Q3. The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is headquartered in:
Correct Answer: B. The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is headquartered in London, UK. It was founded in 1946.
Q4. Which of the following is a report released by Oxfam India?
Correct Answer: C. India Discrimination Report is released by Oxfam India. Global Peace Index and Global Terrorism Index are IEP reports, and Democracy Index is an EIU report.
Q5. The Global Hunger Index is published by:
Correct Answer: B. The Global Hunger Index is published by Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe. (UPSC 2016)
Q6. The Corruption Perceptions Index is published by:
Correct Answer: B. The Corruption Perceptions Index is published by Transparency International.
Q7. The Rule of Law Index is published by:
Correct Answer: C. The Rule of Law Index is published by the World Justice Project, a US independent multidisciplinary organisation. (UPSC 2018)
Q8. The Living Planet Report is published by:
Correct Answer: C. The Living Planet Report is published by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).
Q9. The World Press Freedom Index is published by:
Correct Answer: C. The World Press Freedom Index is published by Reporters Without Borders.
Q10. The Democracy Index is published by:
Correct Answer: C. The Democracy Index is published by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), which is headquartered in London, UK.